Abstract Detail

Economic Botany Section

Von Wettberg, Eric [1], Chang, Peter [2], Greenspan, Alex [2], Dacosta-Calheiros, Manny [3], Moenga, Susan [2], Mamo, Bullo [2], Alford, Betsy [2], Cacmak, Ahmet [4], Vance, Lisa [2], Moriuchi, Ken [3], Warschefsky, Emily [3], Rose, Janna [5], Migneault, Andrew [3], Friesen, Maren [6], Siler, Elinor [6], Carrasquila-Garcia, Noelia [2], Yilmaz, Mustafa [7], Temel, Hamdi [7], Nuzhdin, Sergey [8], Bukun, Bekir [7], Aydogan, Abdulkadir [9], Kahraman, Abdullah [10], Penmetsa, Varma [2], Berger, Jens [11], Cook, Doug [2].

Using new collections of a wild relative of crops to expand crop adaptationshort title: lessons from chickpea for the construction of germplasm collections.

All domesticated species are impacted in unintended, often negative ways during domestication and breeding. Their low genetic variability derives from random demographic processes and from changes in the nature of selection during breeding and cultivation. Loss of adaptive alleles, fixation of deleterious alleles, and low genetic diversity in cultivated species necessarily constrains our ability to expand the cultivation of domesticated species into environments beyond those under which domestication occurred, e.g., into more extreme climates, marginal soils, or with reduced agricultural inputs. We are addressing this need in chickpea, the world’s second most important pulse legume, by harnessing the capacity of wild relatives to survive in harsh environments. Effective use of wild germplasm requires a thorough knowledge of the population genetics and source habitats of the wild material. Here we examine population genetic variation, microbial diversity, abiotic environmental variation in a new, expanded collection of wild chickpea. We have found substantial variation among and within populations far exceeding previously known variation in chickpea germplasm, as well as several population clusters within the two immediate wild relatives of chickpea, Cicer reticulatum and C. echinospermum that partially track differences in soil substrate, habitat, and elevation. Our collection greatly expands the range of adaptive variation present in chickpea wild germplasm, and will serve as an essential resource for future chickpea breeding.

1 - Florida International University And Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, 11200 SW 8th Street, Biological Sciences, Florida International University, OE 167, 11200 SW 8th Street, Biological Sciences, Florida , Miami, FL, 33199, USA
2 - University of California Davis, Plant Pathology
3 - Florida International University, Biological Sciences
4 - Harran University, Agricultural Sciences
5 - 123 McKendree Park Rd, Lebanon, IL, 62254, USA
6 - Michigan State University
7 - Dicle University, Agronomy
8 - University of Southern California, Molecular and Computational Biology
9 - Turkish Ministry of Agriculture
10 - Harran University, Agronomy
11 - CSIRO, Western Australia

Keywords:
Domestication
crop wild relatives
Chickpea
climate change
Southeastern Anatolia.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Sections
Session: 4
Location: Salon 2/The Shaw Conference Centre
Date: Monday, July 27th, 2015
Time: 10:15 AM
Number: 4009
Abstract ID:353
Candidate for Awards:None