Abstract Detail

Systematics Section/ASPT

Fragoso-Martinez, Itzi [1], Martinez-Gordillo, Martha [2], Salazar-Chavez, Gerardo [3], De Luna, Efrain [4], Granados Mendoza, Carolina [5].

Phylogeny of Salvia subgenus Calosphace section Lavanduloideae (Lamiaceae) based on a combined parsimony analysis.

Subgenus Calosphace is the most diverse of the subgenera of Salvia, including ca. 600 species restricted to the Neotropics. Mexico is considered as its main center of diversification (310 spp.). Previous phylogenetic analyses have shown that Calosphace is monophyletic, but sampling has been sparse and many of the over 100 sections recognized on the basis of morphology have yet to be assessed phylogenetically. Sixty such sections are represented in Mexico and 26 are endemic to this country. Section Lavanduloideae comprises about 18 morphologically similar and poorly defined species with 3-veined calyx, purple or blue corolla, stamens included in the galea, pubescent styles and concave anterior stigmatic lobe. The characters commonly used in species identification are size and shape of the inflorescence, pubescence and leaf size. Previous studies with sparse sampling have suggested that Lavanduloideae is polyphyletic. In the present work we assessed monophyly of Lavanduloideae conducting parsimony analyses of nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL-trnF and psbA-trnH) DNA sequences (including coded indels) for 50 taxa of Calosphace and related subgenera. We also explored interspecific limits and relationships within Lavanduloideae using a subset of terminals, including all nominal species of this section and representatives of closely related sections (Angulatae, Polystachyae and Sigmoideae) as outgroups. For this reduced matrix, in addition to ITS, psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF sequences, we also analyzed 30 structural characters, of which 16 are qualitative and 14 quantitative (the latter defined by means of inter-landmark distances and geometric morphometric landmark data). The more inclusive analysis recovered section Lavanduloideae as monophyletic and also all the main clades that have been found in previous molecular phylogenetic studies of the subgenus Calosphace. However, due to the limited variation exhibited by the two molecular markers the bootstrap support values were low overall (as in previous studies). The analysis of the reduced matrix, with all molecular and structural characters concatenated, recovered a single most-parsimonious tree, with monophyletic section Lavanduloideae again weakly supported. Interspecific relationships were largely unresolved and some species (e.g. S. lavanduloides) were not recovered as monophyletic. Section Lavanduloideae likely represents a recently diversified linage in which DNA evolution is more conservative than morphological change; thus, fully resolving its relationships will require the development of new, more informative markers such as single-copy nuclear genes.

1 - Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Botany, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacan, Mexico City, DF, 04510, Mexico
2 - Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Comparative biology, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Mexico City, DF, 04510, México
3 - Instituto De Biologia, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-367, Mexico, D.F., N/A, 04510, Mexico
4 - Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., Biodiversidad y Sistematica, m 2.5 antigua carretera a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
5 - Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Botánica, Apartado Postal 70–367, Coyoacán 04510, Distrito Federal, Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico

Keywords:
Salvia
Phylogeny
Geometric morphometrics
molecular phylogeny
Phylogenetics
Calosphace
Lamiaceae.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Sections
Session: 49
Location: Salon 4/The Shaw Conference Centre
Date: Tuesday, July 28th, 2015
Time: 2:15 PM
Number: 49004
Abstract ID:1129
Candidate for Awards:George R. Cooley Award