Abstract Detail

Economic Botany Section

Klein, Laura [1], O'Hanlon, Regan [2], Caito, Madeleine [2], Chitwood, Dan [3], Miller, Allison [4].

Digital morphometrics of two North American grapevines: assessing leaf variation within and among individuals, and among species (Vitaceae).

Leaf shape is commonly used to differentiate species and cultivated varieties; however, leaf shape is highly variable and likely reflects genetic, developmental, and environmental effects. Grapevines species (Vitis) are often identified using leaf shape, but ongoing fieldwork has revealed a wide range of variation in natural populations. For example, leaves of wild Vitis riparia and V. rupestris, two closely related North American species, display a continuum of variation that may be the result of phenotypic plasticity, convergent evolution, or introgressive hybridization. The purpose of this study is to quantify leaf shape in multiple accessions of V. riparia and V. rupestris in a common environment, in order to test the null hypothesis that there are no differences in leaf morphology among V. riparia and V. rupestris under common conditions. Shoots were collected and leaves were scanned from 31 V. riparia and 29 V. rupestris individuals representing multiple genotypes growing in the Missouri Botanical Garden Kemper Center for Home Gardening. Landmark analysis, Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA), Elliptical Fourier Descriptors (EFD), Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) were then applied to the dataset. From GPA, we observed separation of species within the morphospace. EFD analysis detected significant variation in the dataset that is representative of overall shape differences between taxa. Using LDA, which assigns continuous data to categorical labels (i.e., species, genotypes, etc.), the majority of individuals were assigned to the correct species category. Interestingly, LDA incorrectly categorized several diseased V. riparia leaves, as the affected tissue mimics V. rupestris morphological features. From this study, we determined digital morphometrics to be a powerful tool for distinguishing morphological variation between and within these two Vitis species.

1 - Saint Louis University, Department Of Botany, 3507 Laclede Ave, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA
2 - Saint Louis University, Biology, 3507 Laclede Ave, St Louis, Missouri, 63108, USA
3 - Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 Warson Road, Saint Louis, MO, 63132, USA
4 - Saint Louis University, Biology, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA

Keywords:
Vitis
Morphometrics
common garden
Procrustes
elliptic Fourier analysis
linear discriminant analysis.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Sections
Session: 4
Location: Salon 2/The Shaw Conference Centre
Date: Monday, July 27th, 2015
Time: 11:15 AM
Number: 4013
Abstract ID:1200
Candidate for Awards:Economic Botany Section best student paper