Abstract Detail

Host/Plant Pathogen Interactions and Plant Health Management

Burlakoti, Pragyan [1], Tamburic-Ilincic, Lily [2].

2014 Survey for Fusarium graminearum 15-ADON, 3-ADON and NIV chemotypes and mycotoxins level in winter wheat in Ontario.

Fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by Fusarium graminearum (FG) is a serious disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the mycotoxin most commonly detected in contaminated wheat grain in Ontario, Canada. Grain samples from six winter wheat cultivars included in the ‘2014 Ontario Performance Trial’ planted at Ottawa, Palmerston and Ridgetown were selected at harvest to assess the percentage of Fusarium infected kernels (FIK), the percentage of FG (identified as % of total Fusarium spp.) and the frequency of FG chemotypes (15-ADON, 3-ADON and Nivalenol-NIV). The cultivars were: ’25R40’ and ‘Wentworth’ (highly susceptible to fusarium head blight), ‘Emmit’ and ’Princeton (moderately susceptible) and ’Ava’ and ‘AC Morley’ (moderately resistant). One hundred and fifty kernels of each cultivar per location were surface-sterilized in 0.16% NaOCl (dilute commercial bleach) for three minutes, air dried, and plated on acidified potato dextrose agar. The kernels were incubated for seven days under a 12:12 hr light:dark cycle at room temperature. Subsequently, single spore cultures of FG were recovered and identified morphologically. Genomic DNA was extracted from 48 single spore isolates of FG per location (total of 144). The FG isolates were also identified using molecular markers specific to FG. 15-ADON, 3-ADON and NIV chemotypes of the fungal strains were identified using TRI3- and TRI-12 based molecular markers. In addition, the grain was sampled to determine deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyl DON, 3-acetyl DON, nivalenol (NIV), T-2 and HT-2 toxins using a LCâ€�MS/MS system. The highest average percentage of FIK was found in cv ‘Princeton’ (41.3%), cv ‘25R40’ (29.3%) and cv ‘Wentworth’ (44.0%) in Ottawa, Palmerston and Ridgetown, respectively. The highest percentage of FG was observed in cv ‘25R40’ in Ottawa (83.3%) and Palmerston (90.9%), and cv ‘Princeton’ in Ridgetown (94.6%). % of FG 15-ADON chemotype was 63.9%, 95.8 % and 97.9 from Ottawa, Palmestron and Ridgetown, respectively. 2.1% of NIV was detected at each Palmestron and Ridgetown, and NIV was not detected in Ottawa. 3-ADON was detected at 36.1% in Ottawa, only 2.1% at Palmestron and was not detected at Ridgetown. DON level was low in general in 2014, and the highest in cv ‘Wentworth’ at Ridgetown (1.6 µg/g). Accumulation of other mycotoxins was below detection limit. We concluded that the frequency of the FG 3-ADON chemotype in winter wheat in Ottawa was much higher in 2014 (36.1%) than recorded previously (2%-7%) from anywhere in Ontario.

1 - University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, N0P2C0, Canada
2 - University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main St E, Ridgetown, ON, N0P2C0, Canada

Keywords:
none specified

Presentation Type: Poster:Posters for Topics
Session: P
Location: Hall D/The Shaw Conference Centre
Date: Monday, July 27th, 2015
Time: 5:30 PM
Number: PPA009
Abstract ID:309
Candidate for Awards:None